In low- and middle-income countries, economic and environmental inequalities in urban areas exacerbate the social and health challenges, particularly for favela residents. Due to the lack of urban planning and waste management, as well as inadequate sanitation, these populations experience higher risk of zoonotic, vector-borne, and diarrheic diseases. These diseases exacerbate socioeconomic inequalities and are expected to increase in incidence due to climate changes, with rising temperatures, floods, and extreme precipitation events. The project’s objective is to strengthen and promote community interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of climate changes through a community-led participatory approach focused on the environment to control the current and future risk of vector-borne and zoonotic diseases in urban favelas in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The study will focus on the weight of vector-borne zoonotic diseases that represent three different transmission routes: 1. leptospirosis and enteric infections (Giardia and Cryptosporidium), which are transmitted environmentally via rats, water, and soil where sanitation conditions are precarious and flooding is frequent; 2. urban arbovirus infections, where the risk is associated with stagnant water and mosquito infestation and reproduction; and 3. leishmaniasis and rickettsiosis, caused by arthropod vectors, a major health threat due to climate changes. The study’s point of departure will be a participatory approach to the development of tools focused on improving environmental quality through nature-based solutions, with interventions aimed at improving environmental quality and residents’ quality of life through sustainable measures (for example, planting native trees, community vegetable gardens, preservation of natural areas, solid waste removal, recycling, and cleaning of waterways). These interventions are currently under evaluation and should mitigate the adverse effects of climate changes and decrease the threat of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases. The study will involve actively empowering residents, especially women and youth, for them to become protagonists in the change. This inclusive approach will promote the development of innovative solutions and facilitate the capitalization of new economic perspectives. Involving community members themselves in the decision-making processes constitutes a training process for everyone in social participation and emancipatory processes, citizenship, and agency for achievement of the right to health.